Demystifying AI

AI Glossary

The world of artificial intelligence is full of new terms, acronyms and concepts. Our AI Glossary breaks them down into simple, practical explanations.

A

Agent

An AI system that acts autonomously to achieve goals. See also: Reinforcement Learning.

Algorithm

A set of rules that tells a computer how to process data and make decisions.

API (Application Programming Interface)

A system that allows Wordflow and other applications to connect and share data.

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

A hypothetical AI that could perform any intellectual task that humans can, with true reasoning and understanding.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Technology that enables machines to perform tasks requiring human-like intelligence, such as learning and problem-solving.

B

Backpropagation

A process of training neural networks by adjusting weights to reduce error.

Bayesian Networks

Graphical models that represent probabilistic relationships among variables.

Benchmarking

Comparing AI models against standard datasets to evaluate performance.

Bias (Algorithmic Bias)

Skewed outputs caused by flaws in training data or model design.

Bias–Variance Trade-off

A concept balancing model accuracy and generalisation.

C

Chatbot

An AI programme designed to simulate conversation. Used for customer service and virtual assistants.

Clustering

Grouping unlabelled data into meaningful clusters. See also: Unsupervised Learning.

Cold Start Problem

A challenge when AI systems lack enough data to make accurate predictions.

Compliance AI (Wordflow)

Wordflow’s tool for ensuring AI-generated content meets regulatory and industry requirements.

Computer Vision (CV)

AI that interprets and understands images or videos. Used in self-driving cars and medical imaging.

D

Data Augmentation

Expanding datasets by creating synthetic examples. Used to improve accuracy.

Data Governance

Managing data responsibly to ensure privacy, compliance, and security.

Data Mining

Analysing large datasets to uncover hidden patterns and insights.

Decision Tree

A model that predicts outcomes using branching decisions.

Deep Learning (DL)

A subset of ML using multi-layered neural networks. Used for vision, NLP, and speech.

E

Edge AI

Running AI locally on devices instead of cloud servers.

Embedding

Converting data (text, images, etc.) into numerical vectors. Used for NLP and search.

Ensemble Learning

Combining multiple models to improve prediction accuracy.

Enterprise Plan (Wordflow)

Wordflow’s highest-tier subscription with advanced collaboration and support.

Ethical AI

Designing AI systems with fairness, accountability, and transparency.

F

Feature Extraction

Identifying relevant features in data for analysis.

Federated Learning

Training AI models across devices without centralising data. Used in healthcare and privacy-first applications.

Few-Shot Learning

Training models with very limited labelled data.

Fine-Tuning

Adapting pre-trained models to specific tasks. See also: Transfer Learning.

Flow Credits (Wordflow)

Wordflow’s token system determining how much content a user can generate.

G

GAN (Generative Adversarial Network)

Two competing neural networks that generate realistic outputs.

Generative AI

AI that creates original text, images, audio, or video. Used in Wordflow for marketing content.

Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT)

A family of LLMs used in Wordflow.

GEO Analysis (Wordflow)

Wordflow tool for analysing content across global regions.

Gradient Descent

An optimisation method used to train models by minimising error.

H

Haiku (Claude 3.5 Haiku)

A fast, creative model available in Wordflow.

Hallucination (AI)

When AI generates plausible but incorrect information.

Heuristics

Rules or shortcuts used for decision-making in AI.

Hybrid AI

Combining rule-based and statistical methods.

Hyperparameters

Model settings that influence how AI learns.

I

Image Recognition

Identifying and classifying objects within images.

Imbalanced Data

Training data where some categories dominate, leading to bias.

Inference

Using trained models to make predictions or generate outputs.

Input Data

Information fed into a model for processing.

Integrations (Wordflow)

Wordflow’s ability to connect with third-party platforms and APIs.

J

Java (in AI)

A widely used programming language in AI development.

Job Scheduling

Automating when AI tasks or workflows are executed.

JSON

A lightweight data format often used in AI APIs.

Jupyter Notebook

An open-source tool for experimenting with data science and AI.

K

K-Means Clustering

An algorithm that partitions data into clusters.

K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN)

A simple ML algorithm for classification and regression.

Kernel

A function used in ML methods such as SVMs.

Knowledge Distillation

Compressing large models into smaller, faster ones.

Knowledge Graph

A structured representation of entities and their relationships.

L

Large Language Model (LLM)

AI models trained on vast text datasets. Used for chatbots, translation, summarisation.

Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)

A technique for topic modelling in text.

Latent Space

A compressed internal representation of input data.

Lite Plan (Wordflow)

Wordflow’s entry-level subscription offering additional credits and features.

Logistic Regression

A statistical model for binary classification.

M

Machine Learning (ML)

AI that learns patterns from data rather than explicit programming.

Markov Decision Process (MDP)

A framework for decision-making in RL.

Metadata

Information about data that provides context.

Model Drift

Performance decline when models face changing data over time.

Model Training

The process of teaching AI models using datasets.

N

Naïve Bayes

A simple probabilistic classifier based on Bayes’ theorem.

Nano Models (Wordflow)

Lightweight AI models within Wordflow for efficient generation.

Neural Network

AI inspired by the human brain’s interconnected neurons.

Neuro-Symbolic AI

AI combining neural learning with symbolic logic.

NLP (Natural Language Processing)

AI that understands and generates human language.

O

Ontology

A structured representation of knowledge in a domain.

OpenAI

An AI research organisation behind GPT models integrated in Wordflow.

Optimisation

Improving AI models for speed, accuracy, or efficiency.

Outputs (Wordflow)

The text, translations, and insights generated by Wordflow.

Overfitting

When a model memorises training data but performs poorly on new inputs.

P

Parameter

A variable in models adjusted during training.

Perceptron

One of the earliest neural network models.

Personalisation (AI)

Tailoring user experiences with AI-driven recommendations.

Pre-Training

Training AI models on general datasets before fine-tuning.

Predictive Analytics

AI techniques to forecast outcomes.

Q

Q-Learning

A reinforcement learning technique to optimise decisions.

Quality Score (Wordflow)

Wordflow’s internal measure of content quality.

Quantum Computing

Computation based on quantum mechanics with potential AI applications.

Quantum Machine Learning (QML)

Combining ML algorithms with quantum computing.

Query

A request for information from an AI or database.

R

Regression Analysis

A method for predicting continuous values.

Regularisation

Techniques to prevent model overfitting.

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF)

Training models with human feedback, used in GPT-based systems.

Reinforcement Learning (RL)

Training AI agents with rewards and penalties.

Remix (Wordflow)

A Wordflow tool for reworking existing content.

S

Scalability (AI)

The ability of AI systems to handle growth in data or tasks.

Self-Supervised Learning

AI that generates its own training signals from raw data.

SEO Agent (Wordflow)

Wordflow’s tool for optimising content for search visibility.

Speech Recognition

Converting speech into text.

T

Text-to-Speech (TTS)

AI that converts written text into spoken voice.

Tokenisation

Splitting text into smaller parts (tokens) for processing.

Top-Ups (Wordflow)

Extra Flow Credits that can be purchased without upgrading.

Training Data

Data used to teach AI systems.

TransCreate (Wordflow)

Wordflow’s translation + creative adaptation tool.

U

Uncertainty Estimation

Measuring confidence levels in model outputs.

Underfitting

When a model is too simplistic to capture data patterns.

Unsupervised Learning

Learning patterns from unlabelled data.

User Workspace (Wordflow)

A collaborative space in Wordflow for managing projects.

Utility Function

Defines goals in reinforcement learning.

V

Validation Set

Data used to tune model hyperparameters.

Variational Autoencoder (VAE)

A generative model for creating data samples.

Vectorisation

Converting text or data into numerical form.

Versioning (Wordflow)

Tracking and saving multiple drafts in Wordflow.

Virtual Agent

AI-powered assistants interacting with users.

W

Weights

Trainable parameters in neural networks.

Word Embeddings

Numerical word representations capturing semantic meaning.

Word2Vec

A model for generating word embeddings.

Wordflows (Wordflow)

Wordflow’s custom AI workflows to automate marketing tasks.

Workflow Automation

Using AI to streamline business processes.

X

XAI (Explainable AI)

AI systems designed to explain their reasoning.

XGBoost

A high-performance ML algorithm for structured data.

XML

A structured data format used in some AI systems.

XOR Gate

A logical function that inspired early neural networks.

Y

YAML

A configuration language often used in AI pipelines.

Yield Modelling

Predicting financial or agricultural outcomes using AI.

Yield Prediction (Agriculture)

AI models forecasting crop production.

YOLO (You Only Look Once)

A fast real-time object detection model.

Z

Z-Score Normalisation

A method for standardising data.

Zero-Day Attack Detection

AI techniques to spot unknown cybersecurity threats.

Zero Latency Inference

Real-time AI predictions with minimal delay.

Zero-Shot Learning

AI performing tasks without prior examples.

Zoom-Out Analysis

Evaluating data in broader context.

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